Probiotics and the Microbiome: Mechanisms, Strain Selection, and the Future of Rational Formulation Design
Keywords:
microbiome, human health, dysbiosis, probiotics, prebiotics, gut-brain axisAbstract
This article highlights the expanding role of the microbiome in human health, showcasing a significant shift in scientific understanding thanks to advances in sequencing and metagenomics. Once viewed primarily through the lens of pathogens, the microbiome is now recognized as integral to human biology, playing critical roles in digestion, immune function, and vitamin production. The Microbiome Revolution has reframed microbial communities as vital contributors to health. Gut microbiota, which produce short-chain fatty acids, support gut health, immune regulation, and protection against conditions like inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and diabetes. Dysbiosis, or microbial imbalance, is associated with these diseases, paving the way for therapies like probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation.
The article explores personalized microbiome-targeted therapies and Artificial Intelligence’s role in optimizing probiotics. Additionally, it discusses the gut-brain axis, where microbes influence mood and cognition. Despite regulatory challenges, microbiome-based therapies offer potential for personalized and highly effective healthcare solutions.
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