Investigación sobre la ataxia espinocerebelosa tipo 2 en Cuba: un análisis bibliométrico
Keywords:
Bibliometric analysis; Cuban research collaboration; Genetic and clinical research; International partnerships; Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 (SCA2)Abstract
Introducción: La Ataxia Espinocerebelosa Tipo 2 es un desorden neurodegenerativo hereditario. Durante las 3 décadas pasadas los investigadores cubanos han avanzado significativamente en la comprensión de este desorden. Sus contribuciones abarcan la vigilancia epidemiológica, investigación genética y molecular, descubrimiento de biomarcadores, caracterización clínica y estrategias terapéuticas.
Objetivo: Presentar un análisis bibliométrico de la investigación sobre la Ataxia Espinocerebelosa Tipo 2 en Cuba entre 1996 y 2024.
Métodos: Se analizaron 71 artículos y revisiones sobre Ataxia Espinocerebelosa Tipo 2 extraídos de la base de datos Web of Science. Se utilizó el software VOSviewer para examinar la coocurrencia de palabras clave, las redes de coautoría y colaboración institucional. El análisis de copalabras permitió identificar cambios temáticos, mientras que las redes colaborativas revelaron los vínculos entre instituciones y autores, tanto nacionales como internacionales.
Resultados: La investigación en Cuba sobre Ataxia Espinocerebelosa Tipo 2 ha transitado desde estudios genéticos centrados en las expansiones de repeticiones CAG en el gen ATXN2 hacia investigaciones clínicas orientadas al diagnóstico, biomarcadores y progresión de la enfermedad. Instituciones como el Centro para la Investigación y Rehabilitación de las Ataxias Hereditarias, la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba y el Centro Cubano de Neurociencias han sido actores clave. Las colaboraciones sostenidas con universidades alemanas y nuevas alianzas con instituciones latinoamericanas, como la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, evidencian un enfoque integrador y regional.
Conclusiones: La evolución temática refleja un giro hacia enfoques traslacionales y centrados en el paciente. La investigación cubana sobre la Ataxia Espinocerebelosa Tipo 2 destaca por su modelo colaborativo internacional y regional. Los esfuerzos en biomarcadores, terapias y aplicaciones clínicas serán fundamentales para mejorar el manejo de la enfermedad y guiar futuras investigaciones.
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