Artificial Intelligence and the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Neuroscience: advances, challenges and perspectives

Authors

  • Luis C. Velázquez Pérez Academia de Ciencias de Cuba. La Habana. Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. Havana. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1628-2703

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References

1. Park HA. Are we ready for the fourth industrial revolution? Yearb Med Inform. 2016;1:1-3. DOI:10.15265/IY-2016-052. PMCID: PMC5171547. PMID: 27830223.

2. Haenlein M, Kaplan A. A brief history of artificial intelligence: on the past, present, and future of artificial intelligence. Calif Manage Rev. 2019;61(4):5-14. DOI:10.1177/0008125619864925.

3. Badrulhisham F, Pogatzki-Zahn E, Segelcke D, Spisak T, Vollert J. Machine learning and artificial intelligence in neuroscience: a primer for researchers. Brain Behav Immun. 2024;115:470-9. DOI:10.1016/j.bbi.2023.11.005.

4. Cabeza-Ruiz R, Velázquez-Pérez L, Pérez-Rodríguez R. Convolutional neural networks as support tools for spinocerebellar ataxia detection from magnetic resonances. In: Hernández Heredia Y, Milián Núñez V, Ruiz Shulcloper J, editors. Progress in Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition. Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition (IWAIPR 2021); 2021 Oct 5-7; Havana, Cuba. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13055. Cham: Springer; 2021. p. 1-12. DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-89691-1_11.

6. Cabeza-Ruiz R, Velázquez-Pérez L, Pérez-Rodríguez R, Reetz K. ConvNets for automatic detection of polyglutamine spinocerebellar ataxias from brain MRIs: state-of-the-art applications. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2022;60(12):3459-73. DOI:10.1007/s11517-022-02714-w.

7. Cabeza-Ruiz R, Velázquez-Pérez L, González-Dalmau E, Linares-Barranco A, Pérez-Rodríguez R. Deep learning-based assessment of brainstem volume changes in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2): a study on patients and preclinical subjects. Sensors. 2025;25:6009. DOI:10.3390/s25196009.

8. Velázquez-Pérez L, Medrano-Montero J, Rodríguez-Labrada R, Canales-Ochoa N, Campins Alí J, Carrillo Rodes FJ, et al. Hereditary ataxias in Cuba: a nationwide epidemiological and clinical study in 1001 patients. Cerebellum. 2020 Apr;19(2):252-64. DOI: 10.1007/s12311-020-01107-9.

9. Velázquez-Pérez LC, Rodríguez-Labrada R, Fernandez-Ruiz J. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2: clinicogenetic aspects, mechanistic insights, and management approaches. Front Neurol. 2017 Sep 18;8:472. DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00472.

10. Cabeza-Ruiz R, Velázquez-Pérez L, Linares-Barranco A, Pérez-Rodríguez R. Convolutional neural networks for segmenting cerebellar fissures from magnetic resonance imaging. Sensors. 2022;22:1345. DOI: 10.3390/s22041345.

11. Zhao L, Qiu C, Dong W, Luo B, Sun J, Yan J, et al. Dentate Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for Spinocerebellar Ataxia: Results of a 6-Month Follow-Up. Mov Disord. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.70116

12. Velázquez-Pérez L, Rodríguez-Labrada R, González-Garcés Y, Vázquez-Mojena Y, Pérez-Rodríguez R, Ziemann U. Neurophysiological features in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2: prospects for novel biomarkers. Clin Neurophysiol. 2022;133:1-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.12.005.

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Published

2026-01-27

How to Cite

Velázquez Pérez, L. C. (2026). Artificial Intelligence and the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Neuroscience: advances, challenges and perspectives. Anales De La Academia De Ciencias De Cuba, 16, e3238. Retrieved from https://revistaccuba.sld.cu/index.php/revacc/article/view/3238

Issue

Volumen 16 (2026) Volume in Progress

Section

Editorial

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Copyright (c) 2026 Luis C. Velázquez Pérez

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