Sociohistorical investigation of black and mestizo associations in Camagüey. Contribution to social development (1879-1961)
Keywords:
associations of blacks and mestizos, challenges, counter-hegemonic educational practices, artistic practices of cultural resistanceAbstract
Introduction: Studies on black and mestizo associations in Cuba and their contribution to social development are highly relevant to understand one of the fundamental bases of the Cuban nation and nationality. Hence, the problem, how did black and mestizo associations contribute to social development in Camagüey from 1879 to 1961? The general objective of the research was to make visible the contributions of black and mestizo associations to social development in Camagüey society.
Methods: At the theoretical level, the holistic, transdisciplinary, historical-logical approach, case study and triangulation of sources, data and methods. At the empirical level, the critical analysis of the sources, the sampling criteria: the type 1 sample analyzed all the files of the associations. The type 2 sample chose 27 families that had to have, as a requirement, at least one relative who was a member of the associations and have files at home containing cultural practices of these associations. To obtain data, they were used the techniques of documentary analysis, quantitative content analysis, in-depth interviews, group interview and non-participant observation. They were used the bibliographic analysis and descriptive statistics as instruments for data analysis.
Results and Discussion: They allow from a novel conception to value and make visible the contributions of black and mestizo associations to social development in Camagüey society from 1879 to 1961. They emphasize a social historical memory without fragmentation. They demonstrate the role played by a part of the black and mestizo population of Camagüey in the design and implementation of a proactive mechanism of integration and social cohesion. They distinguish the challenge of counter-hegemonic practices and cultural resistance in excluding and racists contexts. They ponder the resilience susceptible to rethinking in today's Cuba to reactivate social participation of the segments of the population with greater social disadvantages.
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