Immunosenescence and inflammation markers in lung cancer patients treated with chemotherapy, Biomodulina T and CIMAvax-EGF
Keywords:
lung cancer, immunosenescence, chronic inflammation, immunotherapyAbstract
Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the oncological diseases with the highest incidence and mortality worldwide.
Objective: To determine the relationship between immunosenescence and systemic inflammation markers, as well as to evaluate the impact of sequential therapy with Biomodulina T and the CIMAvax-EGF therapeutic vaccine.
Methods: Patients with advanced lung cancer were studied to determine lymphocyte subpopulations, the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα, as well as the serum EGF concentrations and titers of specific antibodies to EGF (anti-EGF).
Results: In patients treated with chemotherapy, a lower frequency of naive and central memory lymphocytes and a higher frequency of those with a higher degree of differentiation were observed. It was demonstrated positive correlation between IL-1β and TNFα, and between these, with subpopulations of terminally differentiated T cells. The use of Biomodulina T after chemotherapy decreased terminally differentiated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing PD1, and induced the expansion of naïve CD4+ T cells. In patients who received Biomodulina T, a good anti-EGF antibody response was observed in more than 84% of cases after the induction phase with CIMAvax-EGF. These patients achieved a median overall survival of over 16 months.
Conclusions: The association between terminally differentiated T cells with proinflammatory cytokines was evidenced in the setting of lung cancer. The immunorestoration generated by the administration of Biomodulina T potentiated the anti-EGF antibody response and induced a benefit in the survival of patients who received treatment with the CIMAvax-EGF vaccine, suggesting the positive effect of the sequential combination of both products.
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