Development of electrochemical sensors for detection of toxic metals and emerging contaminants
Keywords:
potentiometric sensors, graphene, aroylthioureas, Pb(II), molecularly imprinted polymersAbstract
Introduction: The development of portable analytical devices is a necessity for the monitoring and control of pollutants in the environment. Solid state Ion Selective Electrodes are a viable alternative that allows the in situ determination of a wide variety of analytes by incorporating various types of recognition molecules in the sensor membrane, as well as nanostructured materials with high conductive properties in the transducer phase.
Objective: To develop a new transducer phase by modifying the epoxy-graphite resin traditionally used in the electrodes. To prepare and analyze PVC polymeric membranes based on thiourea-derivatives receptors and molecular imprinting polymers for the detection of toxic metals and emerging contaminants, respectively. To miniaturize the devices.
Methods: Two new modified transducers were obtained by including commercial graphene dispersion in the conductive composite or graphene sheets obtained by electrochemical exfoliation. Derivatives of 1-aroylthioureas containing linear and cyclic aliphatic groups in the 3,3-disubstituted fragment were used as receptors. Direct potentiometry and cyclic voltammetry were employed. In addition, they were used materials characterization techniques such as scanning electron and atomic force microscopies, as well as Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
Results: Development of a new transducer phase by graphene modification of the traditional epoxy-graphite resin; preparation and analysis of both new aroylthioureas and molecular imprinting polymers- based selective membranes for the manufacture of Pb(II) ion and antibiotics (vancomycin and L-glutamic acid derivatives) selective electrodes, respectively; impedance studies of the transducer material as well as electrochemical impedance studies of the constructed electrodes were performed for the first time.
Conclusions: Electrochemical sensors were developed for the detection of toxic metals such as Pb(II) and drugs with potential application in agriculture, industry and in an area of strategic development and impact such as the environment.Downloads
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