Biotechnological strategies to produce medicinal plants of pharmacological interest

Authors

  • Elizabeth Kairuz Hernández-Díaz Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas. Villa Clara. Instituto de Biotecnología de las Plantas, Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas. Villa Clara. Laboratorio de Genética de Plantas, Universidad Libre de Bruselas. Bruselas. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4329-4697
  • Alina Capote Pérez Instituto de Biotecnología de las Plantas, Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas. Villa Clara. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1095-9664
  • Anabel Pérez Pérez Instituto de Biotecnología de las Plantas, Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas. Villa Clara. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3689-0792
  • Naivy Lisbet Pérez Alonso Instituto de Biotecnología de las Plantas, Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas. Villa Clara. Sociedad de Investigación y Servicios BioTECNOS Ltda. San Javier. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-2120
  • Borys Chong Pérez Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas. Villa Clara. Sociedad de Investigación y Servicios BioTECNOS Ltda. San Javier. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0544-8985
  • Dionys González Hernández Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas. Villa Clara. Instituto de Biotecnología de las Plantas, Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas. Villa Clara. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0938-7590
  • Geert Angenon Laboratorio de Genética de Plantas, Universidad Libre de Bruselas, Bruselas. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8177-4961
  • Alán Rivero Aragón Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas. Villa Clara. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6955-332X

Keywords:

cardenolides, Digitalis purpurea, digoxin, sweetener, Stevia rebaudiana

Abstract

Introduction: Plants are sources of a large number of secondary metabolites of commercial interest that are used in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries and as a source of numerous substances of chemical interest.

Objectives: a) to enhance the biosynthesis and accumulation of cardenolides; b) to develop a protocol for the in vitro propagation of D purpurea; c) to obtain in vitro plants of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni; d) to compare S. rebaudiana plants grown in vitro with those propagated by cuttings; and e) to carry out a systematic review on biotechnological strategies applied to plants that produce high-intensity sweeteners and have proven antidiabetic activity.

Methods: They were obtained transgenic lines carrying genes of interest from leaf segments. It was studied the effect of different combinations of growth regulators for massive in vitro propagation of elite lines from both plant species. They were carried out studies of the morphological and genetic characteristics of the plants propagated in vitro. It was carried out a systematic review of four species of medicinal plants with antidiabetic effects.

Results: It was modified cardenolide biosynthesis in transgenic lines expressing the VEP1 gene. It was achieved direct shoot regeneration from leaf segments with an average number of 18.9 shoots per leaf segment. Moreover, the genetic stability of regenerated plants and secondary metabolite production was confirmed. It was proposed an in vitro propagation protocol of S. rebaudiana. Plants propagated in vitro are characterized by having homogeneous morphological characters and better phytosanitary status. The critical analysis of the bibliography allowed us to propose recommendations for future studies.

Conclusions: They were developed two in vitro culture protocols for obtaining medicinal plants with stable and uniform productivity of secondary metabolites. We demonstrated the effectiveness of biotechnological strategies to enhance the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites with pharmacological effects.

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Published

2024-11-18

How to Cite

Kairuz Hernández-Díaz, E., Capote Pérez, A., Pérez Pérez, A., Pérez Alonso, N. L., Chong Pérez, B., González Hernández, D., … Rivero Aragón, A. (2024). Biotechnological strategies to produce medicinal plants of pharmacological interest. Anales De La Academia De Ciencias De Cuba, 14(4), e1699. Retrieved from https://revistaccuba.sld.cu/index.php/revacc/article/view/1699

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 4: october-december

Section

Agricultural and Fishery Sciences

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